Introduction -- Entangled love: marriage, consent, and national belonging in works by E. Pauline Johnson and John M. Oskison -- Unnatural children: adoption and loss in S. Alice Callahan's Wynema and E. Pauline Johnson's "Catharine of the 'crow's nest" -- Preoccupations: labor, land, and performance in Mourning Dove's Cogewea -- The long arm of Lone Wolf: disciplinary paternalism and the problem of agency in D'Arcy McNickle's The surrounded -- Conclusion.